Tipper design > Dent resistance in tipper bodies

Rock weight

How should the body be designed if it needs to handle blasted rocks from a primary crusher or secondary crusher?

To understand the answer, we need to know something about the rocks’ weight. This is not straightforward because rocks have different complex shapes, and different mineral compositions with varying densities. However, the weight of a rock increases significantly as its diameter increases, as shown in the table below.

The rock size defines the crusher gap: a) Minimum crusher gap. b) Maximum crusher gap.

Size
Blast rock
Maximum: 600-1200 mm (24—42”)
Primary cruscher
Minimum: 250 mm (10”)
Maximum: 500 mm (20”)
Secondary crucher
Minimum: 50—100 mm (2—4”
Weight
Blast rock
Maximum: 183–1460 kg (403–3219 lbs.)
Primary cruscher
Maximum: 140 kg (309 lbs.)
Secondary crucher
Nominal: 7 kg (15 lbs.)

Typical stone sizes and weights for blasted and crushed rock.

Typically a dump body is loaded with a mix of rocks, sand, clay and water and contains voids, so the rock density is not directly proportional to the volume of the body. A typical density for crushed aggregate is around 1600 - 1800 kg/m3 (100 – 112 lb/ft3) and the density of granite is 2520 - 2810 kg/m3 (157 - 175 lb/ft3). Because the largest rocks are the ones that cause dents, the rock density is worthwhile considering. Other properties, such as toughness, will also play an important role in dent resistance.

Rock type
Rock type
Quartz
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
2650 kg/m3 (165 lb/ft3)
Rock type
Rock type
Magnetite
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
5180 kg/m3 (323 lb/ft3)
Rock type
Rock type
Hematite
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
5260 kg/m3 (328 lb/ft3)
Rock type
Rock type
Feldspar
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
2550—2760 kg/m3 (159—172 lb/ft3)
Rock type
Rock type
Limestone
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
1550—2750 kg/m3 (97—172 lb/ft3)
Rock type
Rock type
Granite
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
2520—2810 kg/m3 (157—175 lb/ft3)
Rock type
Rock type
Concrete
Density in kg/m3 (lb/ft3)
2000—2400 kg/m3 (125—150 lb/ft3)

Weight of granite rock of different sizes.

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